JACKSONVILLE, N.C. — In recognition of Women’s Health Month, Carolina Dental Specialty Center is
raising awareness about the connection between hormonal changes and an increased risk of gum
disease throughout a woman’s life.
From puberty and menstruation to pregnancy and menopause, hormone fluctuations can affect gum
tissue and lead to inflammation, sensitivity and, in some cases, serious periodontal conditions.
“Hormonal changes can trigger powerful effects in the mouth, often making the gums more reactive and
vulnerable to disease,” said Dr. Jose Arauz, a board-certified periodontist and chief dental officer of the
Carolina Dental Specialty Center. “Understanding these connections is key to protecting oral health at
every life stage.”
During puberty, increased levels of estrogen and progesterone can cause heightened blood flow to the
gums, leading to swelling, redness and tenderness. These symptoms may be intensified by the presence
of plaque or food debris.
Some women also experience menstruation gingivitis, which can cause gums to become swollen, red
and prone to bleeding in the days leading up to a menstrual period. This condition typically resolves once
the period begins.
Pregnancy brings additional oral health challenges. An estimated 60 to 75 percent of pregnant women
develop gingivitis, a mild form of gum disease caused by inflammation. If left untreated, it can progress
to periodontitis, a more serious condition that can lead to bone loss and tooth loss.
“There is a growing body of research suggesting that periodontitis may be linked to adverse pregnancy
outcomes like preterm birth and low birth weight,” Arauz said. “While more studies are needed, we
know that managing gum health during pregnancy is a smart and proactive step.”
Pregnant women may also be at higher risk for cavities, due to increased snacking, dietary changes and
morning sickness that can weaken enamel. Mothers with untreated cavities may unintentionally pass
cavity-causing bacteria to their babies, increasing the risk of early childhood tooth decay.
After menopause, women often report oral changes such as dry mouth, altered taste and a burning
sensation in the mouth or gums. These symptoms can affect daily comfort and oral health if not properly
managed.
“Women should feel empowered to talk to their dental provider about how hormonal changes may be
affecting their oral health,” said Arauz. “Regular checkups, professional cleanings and good home care
can help prevent long-term issues.”
The Carolina Dental Specialty Center encourages women to maintain consistent oral hygiene habits,
schedule routine periodontal evaluations and seek care tailored to their individual needs during every
stage of life.
About The Carolina Dental Specialty Center:
The Carolina Dental Specialty Center specializes in periodontics, robotic dental implants, and oral
medicine. Dr. Arauz is a board-certified periodontist trained in dental implant robotics, as well as a
Diplomate of The American Board of Periodontology and an active member of the American Academy of
Periodontology, the Academy of Osseointegration and the American Board of Periodontology.
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